開発者エリア/Maharaアーキテクチャイントロダクション/コアコンポーネント

作成中です - mits (talk)

Maharaコアでは構造にいくつかのコンポーネントを提供します。コンポーネントの一部はプラグインシステムにより着脱可能です。

ユーザ Users

殆どすべてのシステムにはユーザが存在します。Maharaでは特に誰かがログインしなくても使用できる機能を提供しています。コアはユーザにシステムへの登録および自分のアカウントの管理を許可します。多くのプラグインタイプはユーザの側面にも適用されます。例えば認証はユーザがどのようにシステムに認証されるかコントロールします。そして、通知はユーザがどのようにシステム内イベントに関する通知を受信するかコントロールします。

アーティファクト Artefacts

Mahara内のコンテンツの基本的な単位はアーティファクトと呼ばれます。The basic unit of content in Mahara is called an artefact. All sorts of things are artefacts - blog posts & blogs, files, profile information and more. The artefact plugin type allows more to be added to the system, and as such is one of the most interesting plugin types. If you're thinking "I want to add X to the system" where X is something like wikis, calendars, polls etc, then you're probably going to be creating an artefact plugin to provide it.

Artefacts can belong to users, groups, institutions or the site itself. Some artefacts may make sense in the context of one of these but not the others - for example it might not make sense for users to have wikis (or maybe it might!), while it would make more sense for groups.

グループ Groups

Mahara allows users to create ad-hoc groups. Groups are spaces within Mahara that various users can be a part of, to collaborate and discuss a certain topic. If you're a facebook user, think "Facebook group" - it's exactly the same concept. Various aspects of a group's behaviour can be configured using a grouptype plugin. Mahara ships with standard and course groups - the latter designed to group students, tutors and teachers in one formal place.

ページ (ビュー) Views

The Views framework provides one of Mahara's most powerful concepts. It allows users to quickly build pages combining both their own personal artefacts with other information from outside the system, and also gives users precise control over who can see those pages when. It provides a page builder which allows users to quickly pull together content for display using drag and drop.

The blocktype plugin type provides the ability to add different types of blocks that can be added to a View. Therefore, this is also a very interesting plugin type. Mahara ships with nearly 20 block types, and they're one of the smaller APIs to deal with, making creating new ones easy. Blocktypes can either use artefacts, or simply drag in content from outside the system. The ones that use artefacts are provided along with the artefact plugins themselves normally, making blocktypes the only plugin type that can be nested within another plugin.

Mahara ships with blocks to pull in video, RSS feeds and add blocks of text. In addition, each artefact plugin has blocktypes for its content - for example, the blog plugin has blocktypes for both inserting a blog and a blog post into a View.

インスティテューション Institutions

One of Mahara's goals is to make it as easy as possible for users to interact across boundaries such as schools. As such, Mahara is designed so that an entire set of schools or institutions can use the one instance, and have all of their users work together. However, this can add challenges for support - it's desirable if one school has control over its users and can provide first level support for them. So Mahara supports the concept of institutions. They have their own administrators, themes and authentication mechanisms, and the administrators can perform basic actions such as resetting their users' passwords. This scales out all the way to a national level - the MyPortfolio service in New Zealand provides one Mahara for all schools and another for all universities across New Zealand.

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